Skip to main content
📡 Vol. 1, Issue 2 · April 25, 2026

The Hormuz Shock Is Moving Through Your Cost Structure

Diesel nearly doubled since January. Fertilizer supply down 33%. Packaging costs rising. The Strait of Hormuz crisis is eight weeks old — and the secondary shock is now moving through your cost structure in places you wouldn't expect.

📅 April 25, 2026 ⏱ 9 min read 📊 AI-assisted synthesis 🆓 Free
✓ Check your inbox to confirm
📡 Demand Pulse · Vol. 1, Issue 2

The Hormuz Shock Is Moving Through Your Cost Structure

Diesel nearly doubled since January. Fertilizer supply down 33%. Packaging costs rising. The Strait of Hormuz crisis is eight weeks old — and the secondary shock is now moving through your cost structure in places you wouldn't expect.

📅 April 25, 2026 ⏱ 9 min read 📡 Sources: Drewry WCI, S&P Global PMI, ISM, ITS Logistics, Thomson Reuters, Phocas Software, USTR/Avalara, Georgia Tech, IEA, Penn Wharton Budget Model

The Single Most Important Demand Signal This Week

⚡ This Week's Headline Signal
The Hormuz Shock Is Moving Through Your Cost Structure — Slowly

The Strait of Hormuz crisis — triggered by coordinated US-Israeli strikes on Iran beginning February 28, 2026 — has now been active for nearly eight weeks. Tanker traffic through the strait collapsed by over 92%. Brent crude spiked from ~$70 to above $119/bbl, with JPMorgan projecting $150 if the closure extends through mid-May. Diesel prices have nearly doubled since January.

But here's what most planners are missing: the energy shock doesn't show up in your demand signal immediately. It moves through the cost structure slowly and appears in places you wouldn't expect.

The demand planning implication: You're planning Q3 demand against a cost structure that hasn't finished repricing yet. The diesel surcharges hitting carrier invoices now will compress distributor margins in 4–6 weeks. Packaging cost increases from naphtha disruption will hit CPG manufacturers in 6–10 weeks. The fertilizer spike will reach food distributor COGS in 8–14 weeks. Model a 4–8% COGS inflation wave hitting across all verticals in Q3 2026 now — not when the invoices arrive.

Georgia Tech economists studying the crisis put it precisely: "The effects move slowly and appear in places people do not connect to energy." Oil and natural gas underpin production, transportation, and logistics for everything from packaging resin (85% of Middle Eastern polyethylene exports move through the strait) to aluminum smelting (the Middle East supplied 21% of US unwrought aluminum imports in 2025) to fertilizer (46% of global urea exports).

Use the Landed Cost Calculator to scenario-test your exposure by supplier origin and commodity type — before the Q3 POs go out.


Demand Direction by Vertical — Week of April 19–25, 2026

Direction indicators reflect net demand signal vs. the prior 4-week trend. Confidence reflects data availability and signal coherence. Signals synthesized from ISM PMI, S&P Global Flash PMIs, Phocas Wholesale Distribution Report, ITS Logistics April Supply Chain Report, Catena Solutions F&B Outlook, and SupplyChainStack platform demand patterns.

Food & Beverage Distribution
↗ Moderately Up
Key driver: Sales revenue growing modestly (+0.8% projected for 2026 per FCC) but volumes declining (-0.7%) as pricing power absorbs cost inflation rather than real demand growth. Revenue signal overstates true consumption volume — key for replenishment planning.
Medium-High confidence
Manufacturing / Industrial
↗→ Expanding but Uneven
Key driver: Global PMI output at highest since June 2024, but geographically fractured. India surging (HSBC: 55.9), Eurozone beating (52.2), US decelerating (S&P Global: 54.0 with "further cooling of demand growth" flagged). ISM March: 52.7% but "17 out of 18 industries report higher costs in March."
Medium confidence
Wholesale Distribution
→ Flat with Defensive Bias
Key driver: 54% of distributors plan to overhaul their demand forecasting approach in 2026 (Phocas Software, 100+ global distributors surveyed). 31% adjusting safety stock levels. 45% accelerating warehouse automation. This is a defensive posture — higher buffers because they don't trust their demand signal.
High confidence
E-Commerce / DTC
↗ Moderate Up
Key driver: Consumer essentials demand resilient. De minimis elimination pushing Asian e-commerce toward onshore inventory, tightening domestic warehousing and raising last-mile costs. ITS Logistics calls 2026 a "stagflation-lite environment" — inflation above 3%, growth slowing toward 2.3%.
Medium confidence

Active Supply Chain Disruptions — Week of April 19–25, 2026

Active disruptions monitored by the Stack Network as of April 25, 2026. Impact ratings reflect potential demand plan impact over the next 8–14 weeks.

  • 🛢️
    Strait of Hormuz — Near-Closure, Week 8
    Commercial deterrence via war-risk insurance withdrawal has driven tanker traffic collapse above 92%. IEA calls current crisis "worse than 1973, 1979, 2022 combined." Key secondary effects now in motion: Fertilizer — 33% contraction in global supply chain; 46% of global urea exports halted; QAFCO shut its 5.6M ton/year urea plant. Naphtha — 85% of Middle Eastern polyethylene exports blocked, downstream plastics and packaging facing cost inflation in 6–10 weeks. Aluminum — Middle East supplied 21% of US unwrought aluminum imports (2025); energy-intensive smelters reducing or halting capacity.
    Demand plan action: Audit tier-2 supplier exposure to Gulf-region raw materials. Add 4–8% COGS inflation buffer across all verticals to Q3 plans.
    CRITICAL IMPACT
  • 🚢
    Container Freight Rates — WCI ~$1,822/FEU, Third Week of Gains
    Drewry's World Container Index rose 4% to $1,822/40ft container — third straight week of gains after a 17-week decline. Shanghai → Los Angeles: $2,438 (+6%). Shanghai → New York: $3,568 (+4%). However, Drewry explicitly warns upward momentum is short-lived — supply-demand balance expected to weaken in coming quarters once GRI effects fade. Route deviations around Africa continue, with surcharges on Pacific lanes.
    For importers: Q2 2026 is the traditional window for annual service contract negotiations. Shippers currently hold leverage. Benchmark against Drewry WCI / Xeneta before signing.
    MEDIUM IMPACT
  • 🏛️
    Section 232 Metal Tariffs — New Duties Effective April 6
    Effective April 6: 50% tariff on items made substantially of steel/aluminum/copper; 25% on derivative articles (reduced from 50%). Penn Wharton Budget Model estimates effective US tariff rate at 8.9% as of February 2026. China faces 31.6% effective rate. These are structural costs. Thomson Reuters: 72% of trade professionals identify US tariff volatility as most impactful regulatory change (up from 41% prior year).
    Demand plan action: Recalculate landed cost on any metal-containing SKU with China or global sourcing. Run the Landed Cost Calculator before placing Q3 orders.
    HIGH IMPACT
  • 🔍
    USTR Section 301 Investigations — Comment Deadline Passed, Findings Expected Q3
    USTR initiated 60+ new Section 301 investigations targeting structural excess capacity and forced labor compliance across major trading partners (March 2026). Comment deadline was April 15. Investigations expected to conclude by July 24, 2026. If violations confirmed: additional tariffs (10–25%), import restrictions, and enhanced compliance requirements. This is the next wave of potential tariff escalation.
    Timeline: Build contingency scenarios now for Q3 2026. This is the scenario to watch.
    WATCH

What If the Hormuz Strait Remains Closed Through Q3 2026?

📐 Scenario Model — AI-Assisted, Illustrative, Not Advice

What if the Hormuz crisis continues through September 2026 with no diplomatic resolution?

JPMorgan projects $150 Brent if closure holds through mid-May. IEA describes current crisis as "worse than 1973, 1979, 2022 combined." We model the demand and cost impact on a hypothetical US wholesale distributor ($5M annual revenue, 25% of sourcing exposed to Gulf/Asia supply chains).

Impact Area Q2 2026 Q3 2026 Direction
Diesel/fuel surcharge on inbound freight +15–25% above Q1 +20–35% if sustained ↑ Cost
Packaging material costs (resin/plastics) +8–12% +15–22% (naphtha lag) ↑ Cost
Aluminum-content SKU landed cost +10–18% (tariff + energy) +18–28% if smelters reduce ↑ Cost
Food ingredient COGS (fertilizer pass-through) +2–4% (early signal) +6–10% (full pass-through) ↑ Cost
Consumer demand response (price sensitivity) -3 to -6% volume on affected SKUs -8 to -14% if prices passed fully ↓ Volume
Safety stock requirement adjustment +10–15% for affected SKUs +15–25% (lead time uncertainty) ↑ Inventory Cost
Gross margin impact (assuming 40% current GM) -2 to -4 GM points -4 to -8 GM points ↓ Margin

Key actions for this scenario: (1) Identify top 20 SKUs with Gulf-region raw material exposure (aluminum, plastics, fertilizer-dependent F&B). (2) Run landed cost recalculation assuming 20–30% fuel/energy surcharge increase — use the Landed Cost Calculator. (3) Build two Q3 demand plans — baseline (crisis resolves by June) and extended (crisis through Q3). (4) Negotiate fuel surcharge caps into annual freight contracts now while shippers hold leverage. (5) Identify 2–3 alternative suppliers for any SKU where >30% of volume traces to Gulf-exposed inputs.

Model confidence:
3/5 — Medium. Magnitude is uncertain; direction of cost pressure is not.

Run your own SKU-level scenario analysis at SupplyChainStack Demand Forecasting Software →


Landed Cost Calculator

📦

Landed Cost Calculator — Free Tool

Every disruption in this issue — Hormuz energy shock, Section 232 metal tariffs, freight rate volatility, Section 301 investigation risk — ends in the same place: your landed cost per unit. Most operators still calculate this in a spreadsheet once a quarter. By the time the new cost lands on a PO, it's already locked in.

The SupplyChainStack Landed Cost Calculator models the full cost stack (product cost + tariff + freight + fuel surcharge + insurance + handling) for any sourcing scenario in real time. Run three versions: pre-crisis baseline, current cost, and Q3 escalation scenario. The spread between them is your decision — not your carrier's invoice.

→ Try the Landed Cost Calculator Free

Sources Used in This Issue

All claims in the Demand Pulse are sourced from publicly available primary sources or the Stack Network. AI models are used to synthesize signals and model scenarios; all AI-generated content is labeled and subject to the AI Disclaimer.

Drewry World Container Index Container spot rates, WCI weekly update (week of Apr 24, 2026)
S&P Global Flash PMIs US Manufacturing PMI 54.0 (Apr); Eurozone 52.2; India 55.9 (all April 2026)
ISM Manufacturing PMI US Manufacturing PMI 52.7% (March 2026); demand indicator commentary
ITS Logistics April Supply Chain Report: Hormuz crisis impact, diesel, trucking capacity (April 23, 2026)
Thomson Reuters Global Trade Report 2026 72% of trade pros cite tariff volatility as top regulatory change
Phocas Software / FreightWaves 54% of distributors planning demand forecasting overhaul (2026 Inventory Trends Report)
Avalara / Supply Chain Dive Section 232 tariff changes effective April 6, 2026
Georgia Tech (Besedes, Keskinocak, Gaffney) Hormuz secondary shock analysis (April 3, 2026)
Penn Wharton Budget Model Effective US tariff rate 8.9% (February 2026, updated April 15)
Fitch Ratings Ammonia/urea price forecast raised 25%
IEA "Worse than 1973, 1979, 2022 combined" — crisis severity assessment (April 7, 2026)
JPMorgan Global Research $150 Brent projection if closure holds through mid-May
FCC Food & Beverage Report 2026 F&B sales +0.8%, volumes -0.7% in 2026
Prologis Supply Chain Research E-commerce penetration approaching 20% globally; 2026 predictions

Run Your Own Demand Forecast →

Don't just read about demand signals — model them against your own data. The SupplyChainStack Demand Forecasting Software gives you AI-powered SKU-level forecasts, scenario modeling, and weekly demand pulse integration.

See the Demand Forecasting Software →
AI & Data Disclaimer: The Demand Forecasting Pulse Report is generated with the assistance of artificial intelligence and data synthesis models. Content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute professional supply chain, financial, procurement, or business advice. All data is sourced from publicly available primary sources or the Stack Network. AI-generated scenarios and forecasts involve assumptions and may be inaccurate. Actual demand outcomes depend on conditions beyond SupplyChainStack's knowledge or control. Do not rely solely on this report for purchasing, inventory, or sourcing decisions. For our full AI usage disclosure, see supplychainstack.ai/ai-disclaimer.